ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

6º. Unit 8.

ELECTRICITY

  Electricity has been known since ancient times, but scientists could not make use of it safely until the eighteenth century. Thomas Edison's invention of the electric lightbulb in 1879 sparked the demand for electric power that continues to this day, ultimately resulting in the need for legislative and regulatory controls on the electric-power-generating industry.

 

 Electrical charge.

Static electricity

Static electricity is the build up of an electrical charge on the surface of an object. It's called "static" because the charges remain in one area rather than moving or "flowing" to another area. We see static electricity every day. It can even build up on us. For example, when we rub our feet on the carpet and then zap something when we touch it. That is static electricity that we have built up on the surface of our skin discharging onto another object. We also see it when our hair gets charged and sticks straight up or when our pant legs keep sticking to our legs. This is all static electricity that has built up on the surface of an object.

Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/science/static_electricity.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

  Static electricity is the build up of an electrical charge on the surface of an object. It's called "static" because the charges remain in one area rather than moving or "flowing" to another area. We see static electricity every day. It can even build up on us. For example, when we rub our feet on the carpet and then zap something when we touch it. That is static electricity that we have built up on the surface of our skin discharging onto another object. We also see it when our hair gets charged and sticks straight up or when our pant legs keep sticking to our legs. This is all static electricity that has built up on the surface of an object.

 

 Curret electricity

What is current electricity?

Electric current in simple terms are electrons in motion along a path, regardless of the number of electrons flowing. The path may be a conductor such as copper, silver and aluminium. Free electrons can be forced to move from one region of the conductor to the other. 

  GAMES

MORE GAMES

• http://interactivesites.weebly.com/electricity-and-energy.html

MAGNETISM

Most people are familiar with magnets primarily as toys, or as simple objects for keeping papers attached to a metal surface such as a refrigerator door. In fact the areas of application for magnetism are much broader, and range from security to health care to communication, transportation, and numerous other aspects of daily life. Closely related to electricity, magnetism results from specific forms of alignment on the part of electron charges in certain varieties of metal and alloy.

           3. Magnetic pole

 1. Either of two small regions which are located respectively in the polar areas of the northern and southern hemispheres and toward which a compass needle points from any direction throughout adjacent regions; also :  either of two comparable regions on a celestial body

2 :  Either of the poles of a magnet.

 

Magnets and Electromagnets

  Magnets All Around Us

LINKS

• ELECTRICIDAD Y MAGNETISMO
• Esquema unidad 8 
• Magnets and electric current
  
  

  CIRCUIT

  

  

ENERGY

5º. Unit 8.ENERGY.

  What Is Energy?

The simplest definition of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.

Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/science/energy.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

The simplest definition of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.

Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/science/energy.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

The simplest definition of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.

Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/science/energy.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

 The simplest definition of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.

SIX FORM OF ENERGY

THE MOST USED SOURCES OF ENERGY

LINKS

Chemical - Chemical energy comes from atoms and molecules and how they interact. Electrical - Electrical energy is generated by the movement of electrons. Gravitational - Large objects such as the Earth and the Sun create gravity and gravitational energy. Heat - Heat energy is also called thermal energy. It comes from molecules of different temperatures interacting. Light - Light is called radiant energy. The Earth gets a lot of its energy from the light of the Sun. Motion - Anything that is moving has energy. This is also called kinetic energy. Nuclear - Huge amounts of nuclear energy can be generated by splitting atoms. Potential - Potential energy is energy that is stored. One example of this is a spring that is pressed all the way down. Another example is a book sitting high on a shelf.

Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/science/energy.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

Chemical - Chemical energy comes from atoms and molecules and how they interact. Electrical - Electrical energy is generated by the movement of electrons. Gravitational - Large objects such as the Earth and the Sun create gravity and gravitational energy. Heat - Heat energy is also called thermal energy. It comes from molecules of different temperatures interacting. Light - Light is called radiant energy. The Earth gets a lot of its energy from the light of the Sun. Motion - Anything that is moving has energy. This is also called kinetic energy. Nuclear - Huge amounts of nuclear energy can be generated by splitting atoms. Potential - Potential energy is energy that is stored. One example of this is a spring that is pressed all the way down. Another example is a book sitting high on a shelf.

Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/science/energy.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

Chemical - Chemical energy comes from atoms and molecules and how they interact. Electrical - Electrical energy is generated by the movement of electrons. Gravitational - Large objects such as the Earth and the Sun create gravity and gravitational energy. Heat - Heat energy is also called thermal energy. It comes from molecules of different temperatures interacting. Light - Light is called radiant energy. The Earth gets a lot of its energy from the light of the Sun. Motion - Anything that is moving has energy. This is also called kinetic energy. Nuclear - Huge amounts of nuclear energy can be generated by splitting atoms. Potential - Potential energy is energy that is stored. One example of this is a spring that is pressed all the way down. Another example is a book sitting high on a shelf.

Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/science/energy.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

•  ELECTRIC CURRENTS

•  PRODUCING ELECTRICITY 

•  STATIC ELECTRICITY

ENERGY SOURCE

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES(can be replaced)

GAMES

GAME

ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

 

 

Moving Electrons and Charges 

 Electricity is related to charges, and both electrons and protons carry a charge. The amount of the charge is the same for each particle, but opposite in sign. Electrons carry a negative charge while protons carry positive charge. The objects around us contain billions and billions of atoms, and each atom contains many protons and electrons. The protons are located in the center of the atom, concentrated in a small area called the nucleus. The electrons are in motion outside of the nucleus in orbitals. The protons are basically trapped inside the nucleus and can't escape the nucleus. As a result, it is moving electrons that are primarily responsible for electricity.

 

GAMES

MORE GAMES

• http://interactivesites.weebly.com/electricity-and-energy.html

LINKS 

•  RENEWABLE AND NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

• FUENTES DE ENERGÍA NO RENOVABLES Y RENOVABLES

•   ENERGY SAVING AND LESS CONTAMINATING ALTERNATIVES

• AHORRO ENERGÉTICO Y ALTERNATIVAS MENOS CONTAMINANTES 
• SAVING ENERGY AND PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT 
• AHORRO DE ENERGÍA Y CONSERVACIÓN DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE
• SELF-EVALUATION 
• ELECTRICIDAD Y MAGNETISMO 

6º. Unit 7.Energy

6º. Unit 7.Energy

What Is Energy?

The simplest definition of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.

Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/science/energy.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

The simplest definition of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.

Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/science/energy.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

The simplest definition of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.

Read more at: http://www.ducksters.com/science/energy.php
This text is Copyright © Ducksters. Do not use without permission.

 The simplest definition of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.

Energy from Pinaki Bhadury

                                                          Click on the picture to play

video

Forms of energy 

Kinetic Energy

Kinetic Energy is energy that is in motion. Moving water and wind are good examples of kinetic energy. Electricity is also kinetic energy because even though you can't see it happen, electricity involves electrons moving in conductors.

Potential Energy

Energy is measured in the amount of "work" it does. Potential Energy is stored energy. Examples of potential energy are oil sitting in a barrel, or water in a lake in the mountains. This energy is referred to as potential energy, because if it were released, it would do a lot of work.
Energy can change from one form to another. A good example is a Roller Coaster. When it is on its way up, it is using kinetic energy since the energy is in motion. When it reaches the top it has potential (or stored) energy. When it goes down the hill it is using kinetic energy again.

Other Types of Energy

There are other types of energy as well:

• Mechanical Energy is the energy of motion that does the work. An example of mechanical energy is the wind as it turns a windmill.
• Heat energy is energy that is pushed into motion by using heat. An example is a fire in your fireplace.
• Chemical Energy is energy caused by chemical reactions. A good example of chemical energy is food when it is cooked.
• Electrical Energy is when electricity creates motion, light or heat. An example of electrical energy is the electric coils on your stove.
• Gravitational Energy is motion that is caused by gravity. An example of gravitational energy is water flowing down a waterfall.
•  Light - Light is called radiant energy.The Earth gets a lot of its energy from the light of the Sun. 
•  Motion - Anything that is moving has energy. This is also called kinetic energy. 
• Nuclear - Huge amounts of nuclear energy can be generated by splitting atoms.
  

  

  
  

Click on the picture to play

Light

What is light?

When we're very young, we have a very simple idea about light: the world is either light or dark and we can change from one to the other just by flicking a switch on the wall. But we soon learn that light is more complex than this.
Light arrives on our planet after a speedy trip from the Sun, 149 million km (93 million miles away). Light travels at 186,000 miles (300,000 km) per second, so the light you're seeing now was still tucked away in the Sun about eight minutes ago. Put it another way, light takes roughly twice as long to get from the Sun to Earth as it does to make a cup of coffee!

Why are there different colours of light? There are different colours of light because they are light waves which have different wavelengths. Red light has the longest wavelength while violet light has the shortest wavelength.
What are the primary colours of light? Red, green and blue are the primary colours of light. Mixing them in various ways will make all other colours, including white.
What is reflection? The bouncing back of light waves when they hit an object with a very smooth and shiny surface, like a mirror, is called reflection.
What is refraction? The bending of light as it passes from one transparent substance to another, like air to water, is called refraction.
What makes a rainbow? When sunlight is intercepted by a drop of water in the atmosphere, some of the light refracts into the drop, reflects from the drop's inner surface, and then refracts out of the drop. The first refraction separates the sunlight into its component colours, and the second refraction increases the separation. The result is a rainbow.

Game 

More games

• How we see things (interactive)

• Light sources and light rays

•   The Many Colors of Light

Heat 

Heat Transfer

Learn about heat transfer and how to keep things warm by testing the characteristics of different materials with this fun activity for kids. Some materials are good thermal conductors, easily letting heat pass through them, while others are good thermal insulators, not easily letting heat pass through them. Conduct experiments and watch how the temperature changes. Record your results on a table and make your own conclusions, some materials help keep things warm while others make them go cold quick. Find out if metal, cardboard and polystyrene are good at thermal insulation or have good thermal conductivity by checking out this heat transfer activity.

Heat Energy Games & Videos

Heat Energy Song

Heat Energy HangMouse

Heat Energy Word Search

Heat Energy LetterFall

Heat Energy Word-O-Rama

Heat Energy MatchIt

Heat Cardflip

LINKS

• THE MOST USED SOURCES OF ENERGY 

• ELECTRIC CURRENTS 

• PRODUCING ELECTRICITY 

• RENEWABLE AND NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES 

• ENERGY SAVING AND LESS CONTAMINATING ALTERNATIVES

• AHORRO ENERGÉTICO Y ALTERNATIVAS MENOS CONTAMINANTES

• SAVING ENERGY AND PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT

• AHORRO DE ENERGÍA Y CONSERVACIÓN DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE

•   FUENTES DE ENERGÍA NO RENOVABLES Y RENOVABLES

•  SAVING ENERGY AND PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT

• AHORRO DE ENERGÍA Y CONSERVACIÓN DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE

• SELF-EVALUATION