This blog was created to be used in science classes for 5th and 6th grade CEIPEUROPA ( Toledo ,Spain) some years ago . This blog will contain activities and resources to facilitate the acquisition of knowledge of Natural Science through English. It will be structured according to the units that we work in 5th and 6th to throughout the academic year. Contain resources in English and Spanish when the contents are difficult to assimilate by the students. The main objective of this blog is that students learn natural sciences mainly in the English language but if necessary the Spanish language will also be used as well.
Electricity has been known since ancient times,
but scientists could not make use of it safely until the eighteenth
century. Thomas Edison's invention of the electric lightbulb in 1879
sparked the demand for electric power that continues to this day,
ultimately resulting in the need for legislative and regulatory controls
on the electric-power-generating industry.
Electrical charge.
Static electricity
Static electricity is
the build up of an electrical charge on the surface of an object. It's
called "static" because the charges remain in one area rather than
moving or "flowing" to another area.
We see static electricity every day. It can even build up on us. For
example, when we rub our feet on the carpet and then zap something when
we touch it. That is static electricity that we have built up on the
surface of our skin discharging onto another object. We also see it when
our hair gets charged and sticks straight up or when our pant legs keep
sticking to our legs. This is all static electricity that has built up
on the surface of an object.
Static
electricity is the build up of an electrical charge on the surface of an
object. It's called "static" because the charges remain in one area
rather than moving or "flowing" to another area. We see static
electricity every day. It can even build up on us. For example, when we rub our
feet on the carpet and then zap something when we touch it. That is static
electricity that we have built up on the surface of our skin discharging onto
another object. We also see it when our hair gets charged and sticks straight
up or when our pant legs keep sticking to our legs. This is all static
electricity that has built up on the surface of an object.
Curret electricity
What is current electricity?
Electric current in simple terms are electrons in motion along a
path, regardless of the number of electrons flowing. The path may be a
conductor such as copper, silver and aluminium. Free electrons can be
forced to move from one region of the conductor to the other.
Most people are familiar with magnets primarily as toys, or as simple
objects for keeping papers attached to a metal surface such as a
refrigerator door. In fact the areas of application for magnetism are
much broader, and range from security to health care to communication,
transportation, and numerous other aspects of daily life. Closely
related to electricity, magnetism results from specific forms of
alignment on the part of electron charges in certain varieties of metal
and alloy.
1. Either
of two small regions which are located respectively in the polar areas of the
northern and southern hemispheres and toward which a compass needle points from
any direction throughout adjacent regions; also : either of two comparable regions on a
celestial body
The
simplest definition of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is
how things change and move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of
forms. It takes energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the
air.
Electricity is related to charges,
and both electrons and protons carry a charge. The amount of the charge
is the same for each particle, but opposite in sign. Electrons carry a negative charge while protons carry positive charge.
The objects around us contain billions and billions of atoms, and each
atom contains many protons and electrons. The protons are located in the
center of the atom, concentrated in a small area called the nucleus.
The electrons are in motion outside of the nucleus in
orbitals. The protons are basically trapped inside the nucleus and can't
escape the nucleus. As a result, it is moving electrons that are
primarily responsible for electricity.
The simplest definition
of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and
move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes
energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.
The simplest definition
of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and
move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes
energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.
The simplest definition
of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is how things change and
move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of forms. It takes
energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the air.
The
simplest definition of energy is "the ability to do work". Energy is
how things change and move. It's everywhere around us and takes all sorts of
forms. It takes energy to cook food, to drive to school, and to jump in the
air.
Kinetic Energy is energy that is in motion. Moving water and wind are good
examples of kinetic energy. Electricity is also kinetic energy because even
though you can't see it happen, electricity involves electrons moving in
conductors.
Potential Energy
Energy is measured in the amount of "work" it does. Potential Energy is
stored energy. Examples of potential energy are oil sitting in a barrel, or
water in a lake in the mountains. This energy is referred to as potential
energy, because if it were released, it would do a lot of work.
Energy can change from one form to another. A good example is a Roller Coaster. When it is on
its way up, it is using kinetic energy since the energy is in motion. When it reaches the top
it has potential (or stored) energy. When it goes down the hill it is
using kinetic energy again.
Other Types of Energy
There are other types of energy as well:
Mechanical Energy is the energy of motion that does the work. An example of mechanical energy is the wind as it turns a windmill.
Heat energy is energy that is pushed into motion by using heat. An example is a fire in your fireplace.
Chemical Energy is energy caused by chemical reactions. A good example of chemical energy is food when it is cooked.
Electrical Energy is when electricity creates motion, light or heat. An example of electrical energy is the electric coils on your stove.
Gravitational Energy is motion that is caused by gravity. An example of gravitational energy is water flowing down a waterfall.
Light -
Light is called radiant energy.The Earth
gets a lot of its energy from the light of the Sun.
Motion -
Anything that is moving has energy. This is also called kinetic energy.
Nuclear -
Huge amounts of nuclear energy can be generated by splitting atoms.
Click on the picture to play
Light
What is light?
When we're very young, we have a very simple idea about light: the
world is either light or dark and we can change from one to the other
just by flicking a switch on the wall. But we soon learn that light is
more complex than this.
Light arrives on our planet after a speedy trip from the Sun, 149 million km (93 million miles away). Light travels at
186,000 miles (300,000 km) per second, so the light you're seeing now
was still tucked away in the Sun about eight minutes ago. Put it
another way, light takes roughly twice as long to get from the Sun to
Earth as it does to make a cup of coffee!
Why are there different colours of light?
There are different colours of light because they are light
waves which have different wavelengths. Red light has the longest
wavelength while violet light has the shortest wavelength.
What are the primary colours of light?
Red, green and blue are the primary colours of light. Mixing
them in various ways will make all other colours, including white.
What is reflection?
The bouncing back of light waves when they hit an object with a
very smooth and shiny surface, like a mirror, is called reflection.
What is refraction?
The bending of light as it passes from one transparent substance to another, like air to water, is called refraction.
What makes a rainbow?
When sunlight is intercepted by a drop of water in the
atmosphere, some of the light refracts into the drop, reflects from the
drop's inner surface, and then refracts out of the drop. The first
refraction separates the sunlight into its component colours, and the
second refraction increases the separation. The result is a rainbow.
Learn about heat transfer and
how to keep things warm by testing the characteristics of different
materials with this fun activity for kids. Some materials are good
thermal conductors, easily letting heat pass through them, while others
are good thermal insulators, not easily letting heat pass through
them. Conduct experiments and watch how the temperature changes. Record
your results on a table and make your own conclusions, some materials
help keep things warm while others make them go cold quick. Find out if
metal, cardboard and polystyrene are good at thermal insulation or
have good thermal conductivity by checking out this heat transfer
activity.
